Spinning oil composition



SPINNING OHJ COMPOSITION Daniel Stewart, Uphall, Broxburn, West Lothian, Scotlandg' assignor to' scottisli Oils Limited, Glasgow, Scotland, a British company No Drawing. Application: J'ulyl29, 1953, Serial No. 371,170

" Claimspriority,"applicationGreatBritain August 12, 1952 1"Claim. '(Cl."252 8.7)

This invention relates to new and useful compositions comprising surface active agents.

It is an object of the present invention to provide new and useful compositions comprising anionic surface active agents. It is a further object to provide new spinning oils. It is a still further object to provide single phase spinning oils comprising water and mineral oils. Other objects will appear hereinafter.

According to the present invention new and useful compositions, suitable for use as spinning oils, are provided comprising a metal alkyl sulphate obtained by the sulphation of a hydrocarbon material comprising an olefin having a boiling point of at least 200 C., together with water, a high molecular weight fatty acid, for example oleic acid, a mineral oil and a diethylene glycol alkyl ether.

The preferred diethylene glycol alkyl ether is diethylene glycol butyl ether for example, the material known as Butyl-Cellosolve.

According to a modification of the invention, the composition contains normal butyl alcohol in place of the diethylene glycol alkyl ether.

Preferably metal alkyl sulphates are employed which have been obtained by sulphation of a shale oil distillation fraction having an initial boiling point not lower than 200 C. and a final boiling point not higher than 350 C.

Preferably the distillation fraction boils over the entire range 200-350 C. It has been found that the use of metal alkyl sulphates derived from a shale oil distillation fraction of this boiling range enables the production of spinning oils of good quality while using low proportions of oleic acid and of the ether or alcohol hereinbefore described.

The preferred metal alkyl sulphates are alkali metal alkyl sulphates and usually sodium alkyl sulphates are employed. Preferably the alkali metal alkyl sulphate is a sulphate obtained by reacting with sulphuric acid a distillation fraction of shale oil, said fraction boiling over the entire range 200 to 350 C., and thereafter neutralising the alkyl hydrogen sulphate so obtained by means of an alkali metal base, with or Without simultaneous hydrolysis of dialkyl sulphates. As pointed out in my copending application Serial No. 371,169, filed concurrently with the instant application on July 29, 1953, the sulphuric acid used in the sulphurization of shale oil is preferably of 90-98% strength, and the necessary quancity of acid is run into the oil over a period of 12 hours, with stirring, so as to prevent the temperature rising above C.

The nature of the mineral oil constituent of the composition may be varied according to the specific purpose for which the composition is intended, but in general petroleum fractions are preferred. A suitable material is spindle oil, preferably derived from Venezuelan crude oil.

Preferably the high molecular weight fatty acid contains at least 12 carbon atoms/molecule. A preferred acid Wisebe the case. as a -further constituent of-thecompositions, of-en alkali metal salt, for example, a carbonate or sulphate, the

2,787,594 Patented Apr. 2, 1957 is oleic acid. (lonvenientlythe oleic acidis a commercial grade olein andpreferablyis:aniolein of 70% saponifiable matter.

It is a feature of the-presentinventionthat, by Lthe-use of the diethylene'glycol alkyl ethers, and/ or normal butyl alcohol, compositionsnmaywbe obtained "containing the metal alkyl sulphate, waten a high molecular 'weight fatty acid and mineral :oil, in asingle liquid phase,-=-undcr wider rangesofrelat-ive proportions. than "would other- It has-alsobeen found that by the use,

quantity of said ether or alcohol required to form a single liquid phase product, is materially reduced though the necessary solubilising power is retained.

Thus according to a further aspect of the present invention, compositions are provided comprising said metal alkyl sulphates, water, a fatty acid, a mineral oil, an alkali metal salt together with a diethylene glycol alkyl ether and/ or normal butyl alcohol.

Preferably the constituents of the preferred compositions of the invention are employed Within the following ranges, expressed as percentages of the weight of the compositions Percent weight Sodium alkyl sulphate (20% aqueous solution containing up to 5% sodium sulphate) 20-40 Spindle oil derived from Venezuelan crude oil 30-70 Olein (70-90% saponifiable) 5-50 Di-ethylene Glycol alkyl ether and/ or normal butyl alcohol (total) l-10 The invention is illustrated but in no way limited by the following examples, percentages being by weight.

As the sodium alkyl sulphate solution, there is employed a material made by sulphation of a shale oil having the boiling range 200-350 C.

Example 1 Percent Sodium alkyl sulphate (20% aqueous solution con- In the composition of Example 1, the alkali metal salt, sodium sulphate, employed in conjunction with the diethylene glycol butyl ether as a material solubilising agent, may, if desired, be replaced with an alkali metal carbonate, it being understood that the compositions of Exam ples 2 and 3 may also include a proportion of alkali metal salt in the content of active agent.

I claim:

A composition suitable for use as a spinning oil condients by percent weight:

Percent by weight A sodium alkyl sulphate in the form of an aqueous solution and having a concentration equivalent to a 20% solution, said sulphate obtained by reacting a shale oil fraction having a boiling point within the range of ZOO-350 C. with sulphuric acid of 90-98% strength at a temperature under 20 C. followed by a neutralization of resulting alkyl hydrogen sulphide by treatment with a sodium base Petroleum spindle oil fraction Olein A material solubilizing agent therefor being sodium sulphate up to about 5 Together with an oxygen-containing or- References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Staiford July 5, 1938 Whitehead Mar. 14, 1939 Stewart May 10, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain Sept. 19, 1951 

